Alert to readers: Amazon.com displays listings for several more workbooks, study guides, and cookbooks purportedly based on my book, What to Eat Now (see previous post on this).  I did not write any of them.  Caveat emptor!

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Thanks to Lais Miachon Silva of the Micronutrient Forum for sending this item.

The study: A Systematic Review of Nonsugar Sweeteners and Cancer Epidemiology Studies. Advances in Nutrition Volume 16, Issue 12, December 2025, 100527.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100527

Methods: systematic literature review

Results: “We found no consistent associations between any NSS or NSSs in aggregate and any cancer overall, and no evidence for dose–response.”

Conclusions: “Experimental animal and mechanistic evidence for NSSs does not support human-relevant carcinogenicity or any biologically plausible mechanisms by which NSSs could cause genotoxicity or cancer in humans. Overall, the epidemiology evidence does not support associations between any NSS and any cancer type.”

Funding: ABA [American Beverage Association] provided funding for this paper, which was written during the authors’ normal course of employment.

Conflict of interest: All authors are employed by Gradient, Geosyntec, or the American Beverage Association (ABA). Gradient and Geosyntec are environmental and risk sciences consulting firms. ABA is the trade association that represents America’s non-alcoholic beverage industry. ABA provided funding for this paper, which was written during the authors’ normal course of employment. This paper represents the professional opinions of the authors and not those of ABA.

Comment: This is a classic example of an industry-funded study conducted by industry employees producing results favorable to the sponsor’s commercial interests.  I am particularly amused by the last conflict of interest statement.  It too is a classic example, this time of Upton Sinclair’s famous quote: “It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it.” 

Alert to readers: Amazon.com displays listings for several more workbooks, study guides, and cookbooks purportedly based on my book, What to Eat Now (see previous post on this).  I did not write any of them.  Caveat emptor!

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I’ve been collecting items on the effects of GLP-1 drugs on the food industry.

Recall my mantra: Eating less is bad for business.

These drugs are a threat to the food industry.  Here’s how it is responding.

• New research from Chemi Nutra highlights how GLP-1 users want to maintain the benefits of the medication while feeling like their former selves, revealing a significant gap in addressing the broader physiological and psychological impacts of weight loss meds…. Listen now
• The GLP-1 effect: How 2026 will look for food and beverage:  From shifting grocery habits to new product opportunities, Circana’s insights reveal how brands and retailers can adapt to the rise of GLP-1 users… Listen now
• GLP-1: Threat or opportunity for food manufacturers?  At this early stage in the market, not all manufacturers know how to respond… Read more  
• GLP-1 adoption is rising steadily – and reshaping pack size, portfolio strategy and volume.  Rising GLP-1 adoption is quietly reshaping pack size strategy, category risk and marketing priorities for food and beverage brands… Read more  
• Five ways GLP-1 drugs are shaping the beverage industry:  Soda sales are taking a hit; but functional beverages are booming… Read more
• GLP-1 has changed the snack game: Here’s how to win it back:  GLP-1 users are rewriting the rules of appetite, texture and indulgence. Tate & Lyle’s latest research shows exactly where producers are missing the moment… Read more
• Could functional foods replace the need for GLP-1s?  As GLP-1 drugs disrupt the weight loss market, food and beverage players are racing to unlock the appetite-regulating power of functional ingredients… Read more

May your holidays be filled with family, friends, loving kindness—and cookies!

Alert to readers: Amazon.com displays listings for several more workbooks, study guides, and cookbooks purportedly based on my book, What to Eat Now (see previous post on this).  I did not write any of them.  Caveat emptor!

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I can hardly get my head around this.

Here is USDA Secretary Brooke Rollins doing a version of the dairy industry’s milk mustache campaign celebrating the reintroduction of whole milk into schools.

Our otherwise dysfunctional Congress has managed to pass a bipartisan bill, “The Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2025.”

The bill overturns previous restrictions on whole-fat milk and dairy alternative milks in schools.  Now:

I.  Schools may offer students dairy milks—or nutritionally equivalent non-dairy beverages 

• flavored (e.g., chocolate) and unflavored
• organic or nonorganic
• reduced fat, low-fat, and fat-free
• lactose-free

II.  Milk fat will not count as saturated fat in rules about saturated fat limits

The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine is happy about the the non-dairy alternatives.

But this has to be counted as a clear win for the dairy industry, desperate to get whole and flavored milks back into schools.

The rationale?

How will doing this make kids healthier?

Here is my milk summary table from What to Eat Now.

And this is before the chocolate and sugar get tossed in.

How much difference will it make to kids’ overall calorie and saturated fat intake?  My guess: probably not much.

Here are my immediate questions:

• How many different kinds of milk, dairy and not, can schools logistically manage to store and serve?
• Will kids drink more milk now?
• Will they choose whole over skim?
• Will they choose chocolate whole milk over chocolate skim?
• Will they choose plant-based alternatives?

Note: all of these are about the selling of milk, not health.

That’s because this is not a health initiative; it is a dairy promotion initiative.

Alert to readers: Amazon.com displays listings for several more workbooks, study guides, and cookbooks purportedly based on my book, What to Eat Now (see previous post on this).  I did not write any of them.  Caveat emptor!

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As I keep saying, food companies are not social service or public health agencies.  They are businesses with stockholders to please and pleasing stockholders is their first priority.

Even so, I am occasionally still shocked by business practices.

Here’s one: Same Product, Same Store, but on Instacart, Prices Might Differ

The shoppers were volunteers, participating in a study published on Tuesday and organized by the Groundwork Collaborative, a progressive policy group, and Consumer Reports, a nonprofit consumer publication. In tests in four cities across the country, nearly 200 volunteers checked prices on 20 grocery items on Instacart.

Alert to readers: Amazon.com displays listings for several more workbooks, study guides, and cookbooks purportedly based on my book, What to Eat Now (see previous post on this).  I did not write any of them.  Caveat emptor!

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Thanks to Erin Croom from Small Bites Adventure Club! for sending this one.

• The Study: The Sweet Tooth Trial: A Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of A 6-Month Low, Regular, or High Dietary Sweet Taste Exposure on Sweet Taste Liking, and Various Outcomes Related to Food Intake and Weight Status. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Available online 27 November 2025, 101073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.09.041
• Methods: The investigators gave 180 healthy adults dietary advice plus about half their calories from meals containing 7%, 35%, or 80% food and beverages sweetened with sugars or artificial sweeteners.
• Results: no differences in sweet taste liking or perception or sweet food choice.
• Conclusions: “In the current trial, altering exposure to sweet-tasting foods did not change sweet taste liking, nor other outcomes. These results do not support public health advice to reduce exposure to sweet-tasting foods, independent of other relevant factors such as energy density and food form.“
• Funding: “The sweet tooth project…also received private contributions from: American Beverage Association, Apura Ingredients, Arla Foods amba, Cargill R&D Centre Europe BVBA, Cosun Nutrition Center, DSM-Firmenich, International Sweeteners Association, SinoSweet Co., Ltd., and Unilever Foods Innovation Centre Wageningen.”
• Conflict of interest: “MM has previously received research funding from Royal Cosun (sugar beet refinery) and Sensus (inulin producer) and has received expenses from ILSI Europe. MB has received research funding from Horizon 2020 SWEET…KMA has previously received research funding from the International Sweeteners Association, BE, and has current funding from The Coca Cola Company, US, and Ajinomoto Health and Nutrition North America Inc. US; KMA has received speaker’s expenses from EatWell Global and PepsiCo. KdG is a member of the Global Nutrition Advisory Board of Mars company. KdG has received travel, hotel, and speaker renumeration from the International Sweeteners Association, and received speaker expenses from ILSI North America.”

Comment: The point of all this was to demonstrate that public health recommendations to reduce sugar intake in order to reduce the taste for sugar won’t do any good, so why bother.  To restate the obvious: sugars have calories but no nutrients, and taking in a lot of them at once—as in soft drinks—messes up metabolism and is best avoided.  Eating less of sugary foods and drinks is always a good idea.  But, as I am always pointing out, eating less is bad for business.  Hence this study.

Last week I was heartbroken to receive a message from Danielle Ofri, the editor of the Bellevue Literary Review, announcing the death of Jerome Lowenstein, who had been my primary care doctor for more than 20 years.

To say that the editors of Bellevue Literary Review were saddened to learn of the passing of Jerome Lowenstein, MD, is an understatement. Jerry was our founding nonfiction editor, one of the original sparks that led to BLR’s creation.

How lucky I was to be his patient.  I would schedule my appointments late in the afternoon when we could talk for hours, mostly about his research on kidney function.  He was a practicing nephrologist, but had a small primary care practice to which I felt privileged to belong.

Here’s how that happened.

In California, I had been a Kaiser Permanente patient since childhood, and was used to non-profit medical care.  Dealing with for-profit New York health care was difficult, and in the mid-1990s I had an unsettling experience with an excessively interventionist (in my view)  primary care doctor, who I never wanted to see again.

Soon after this incident occurred, I was reading the New England Journal of Medicine when I came across a review of a book by an NYU doctor named Jerome Lowenstein, The Midnight Meal and Other Essays about Doctors, Patients, and Medicine.  The reviewer, Robert Schwartz, said:

He values words and explores how they reveal attitudes about patients. He hates dehumanizing and judgmental jargon and deplores the psychic numbing of overworked residents…He teaches by example, learns from patients, values the physical examination, and doubts — profoundly doubts — the utility of outcomes research.  Lowenstein finds evidence-based medicine disturbing, frightening, and anti-intellectual.

He worked at NYU?  I worked at NYU.  I looked up his email address, recounted my story, and asked if he could refer me to a primary care doctor who viewed medical care the way he did.

He said he had a small primary care practice, and that I sounded like his kind of patient.  Would I like to see him.

Would I ever!

When he gave up his practice some years ago, it felt like a crisis.  He arranged for all of us to be seen by Dr. David Kudlowitz, and that’s also worked out well.

I loved him.  I was not alone in that.

Farewell, dear doctor.  I will miss you and so will the world.

Obituaries

• Dignity Memorial
• Langone Health

If you are wondering what’s going on at the FDA, and why everyone seems to be worried about its current leadership, take a look at this instructive post on X: “Nearly 90% of senior leaders who were at the FDA a year ago are no longer there.”